NEW FROM MCT · CONTINUING RECORDThe Sara Duterte Impeachment TrialFollow the hearing day by day, read the documents in plain language and see what each side says, what remains disputed and what the courts have actually decided.I’m still working through parts of the record. Published material is based on documents already reviewed, and anything awaiting confirmation is clearly marked.Open the tracker →

LATEST COMMENTARY

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FIVE THINGS TO KNOW

7:47 AM3-minute read

ABOUT WHAT BANK SECRECY PROTECTS IN AN IMPEACHMENT TRIAL

The arguments over bank records in Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial involve several protections. The privacy of a peso deposit, the protection of a foreign-currency deposit, and the confidentiality of a report sent to the AMLC come from different rules. Understanding those differences helps explain what the court has allowed and what remains in dispute.

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8:43 AM8-minute read

ABOUT THE AMLC RECORDS IN SARA DUTERTE’S IMPEACHMENT TRIAL

₱4.4 billion is a figure that can dominate a conversation before anyone asks what it counts. AMLC Executive Director Ronel Buenaventura presented that approximate total in the Senate impeachment court on October 5, covering reported transactions involving Vice President Sara Duterte and her husband, Manases Carpio. He also explained that a bank correction had reduced the earlier figure of ₱6.7 billion.

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6:44 PM5-minute read

ABOUT THE COINS.PH CASH-IN RESTRICTION AND WHAT USERS SHOULD CHECK

If you use Coins.ph to receive money or pay bills, a failed cash-in can disrupt plans for the day. Coins.ph has announced that some incoming peso services are temporarily unavailable following a BSP directive to improve its internal controls. Its advisory also identifies services that existing customers can still use.

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12:00 PM5-minute read

ABOUT THE PROPOSED RULES ON SECONDHAND PHONES

A secondhand phone can put a useful device within reach of someone who cannot afford a new one. The problem comes when the buyer has no clear information about where it came from, what condition it is in, or who will fix it if it fails.

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8:35 PM6-minute read

ABOUT THE SUPREME COURT’S DECISION ON THE IMPEACHMENT VOTE THRESHOLD

The Supreme Court dismissed three petitions on September 30 challenging how the Senate impeachment court would count the votes needed to convict Vice President Sara Duterte. The dismissal leaves the Senate’s September 23 ruling in place, but it needs to be read carefully. A case can be dismissed because it does not meet the requirements for the Court to hear it, without settling whether the challenged action is constitutional.

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6:12 AM6-minute read

ABOUT WHAT BASTE DUTERTE SHOULD HAVE CHECKED AS MAYOR

Davao City Mayor Sebastian “Baste” Duterte told the Senate impeachment court on September 29 that he had been unfamiliar with GenCorp Industries Inc. before it came up in the proceedings. He also said he did not know about Vice President Sara Duterte’s declared business interest in the company.

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10:45 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE OCTOBER WATER-RATE INCREASES

Metro Manila households served by Maynilad and Manila Water will see slightly higher water charges beginning October 1. The announced increases are small for many residential customers, but the figures vary by concessionaire and consumption level. That makes it easy to misunderstand a notice expressed only in centavos per cubic meter.

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7:21 AM6-minute read

ABOUT THE NOTE HANDED TO GIBO TEODORO IN SEOUL

Defense Secretary Gilberto “Gibo” Teodoro Jr. was answering questions at the Seoul Defense Dialogue on September 8 when a man handed him a note. He read it aloud, challenged its rejection of the 2016 South China Sea ruling and objected to being interrupted that way.

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9:55 AM8-minute read

ABOUT EL NIÑO AND PREPARING FOR LESS RAIN

It can be raining outside while PAGASA warns about El Niño. That can sound confusing when the immediate problem is a wet road or a flooded field. The two warnings describe different periods: the weather happening now and the rainfall conditions that may develop over the coming months.

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5:30 AM8-minute read

ABOUT THE NEW ARREST WARRANTS AGAINST ZALDY CO, MARTIN ROMUALDEZ AND TWO OTHERS

The Sandiganbayan has ordered the arrest of Zaldy Co, Martin Romualdez and two other accused in the plunder case filed on September 7. By Monday evening, authorities had served Romualdez's warrant and carried out booking procedures at Cardinal Santos Medical Center in San Juan. His arrest is a confirmed development; it does not establish that his three co-accused are also in custody.

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3:15 PM8-minute read

ABOUT THE PLUNDER CASE AGAINST MARTIN ROMUALDEZ

The Office of the Ombudsman filed a plunder case against former House Speaker Martin Romualdez at the Sandiganbayan on September 7 over his alleged involvement in flood-control kickbacks. The accusations have now reached the court that will handle the criminal case. Romualdez denies wrongdoing and remains presumed innocent.

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1:18 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE NEW SWS POVERTY NUMBERS

Self-rated poverty and food poverty declined in June, but the figures also show how many Filipino families remain under pressure and why lower household budgets do not necessarily mean life became cheaper.

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2:02 PM11-minute read

ABOUT THE CHILDREN'S SOCIAL MEDIA SAFETY ACT

House Bill No. 9965 would bar children below 13 from having social media accounts, require parental consent for users aged 13 to 17, regulate platform algorithms, and impose fines reaching P50 million. It is still being deliberated in the House.

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12:02 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE SEALED BIR BOX

Marcos authorized the BIR to comply with the Senate subpoena. That did not open the records to the public or prove the unexplained-wealth allegation.

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MCT READER PULSE · MCT-PULSE-2026-010

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MCT DAILY BRIEF

Raquel Dela Cerna at the October 6, 2026 impeachment hearing. Photo: Ryan Baldemor / Philippine Star.

Good morning.

The impeachment trial is moving from the AMLC’s transaction summaries to records from the banks themselves. The next questions are whose money was involved, how much remained at each year-end, what was declared, and what the documents can establish.

Here are five issues to follow this morning.

1

LandBank witnesses have begun identifying the records

Two LandBank officials appeared at the October 6 hearing: Eunice Sumatra of the San Pedro branch in Davao and Raquel Dela Cerna of the Davao R. Magsaysay branch.

WHAT TO WATCH

Their testimony begins the bank-by-bank presentation of financial records for Article II, which includes allegations of unexplained wealth and incomplete asset declarations. Identifying a record helps establish where it came from and which account it concerns. The court still has to decide what that record proves.

2

The prosecution is raising questions about year-end balances

The prosecution says the couple’s accounts had combined year-end balances totaling more than ₱190 million across 2022 to 2025 that were not properly reflected in Duterte’s SALNs. This remains the prosecution’s allegation, not a court finding.

WHAT TO WATCH

That figure combines balances from several year-ends. It must not be presented as money sitting in the accounts on one date, or as ₱190 million in new wealth. The same money could remain in an account across more than one year. Each year’s balance needs to be compared with the declaration for that year, with account ownership and the type of asset also checked.

3

The defense disputes what the AMLC testimony proves

Duterte’s camp argues that the AMLC testimony has not established that the money came from illegal sources. That challenges the conclusions the prosecution wants the court to draw from the reports.

WHAT TO WATCH

A report about a bank transaction does not, by itself, prove a crime. The defense’s position also does not settle whether the required asset declarations were complete. Those are separate questions that the evidence must address.

4

The court has allowed AMLC testimony despite confidentiality objections

On October 5, the impeachment court allowed AMLC executive director Ronel Buenaventura to testify about the records. Presiding officer Chiz Escudero said confidentiality protections do not prevent the AMLC from carrying out its lawful functions or responding to properly limited subpoenas with safeguards.

WHAT TO WATCH

The court also allowed testimony about foreign-currency transaction reports already held by the AMLC. These rulings let the court hear the evidence; they do not establish that the transactions were unlawful.

5

The remaining hearing days carry a substantial workload

The Senate’s announced calendar provides whole-day hearings on October 7 to 9 and October 12 to 15 before the budget-hearing break begins on October 16. The prosecution has sought testimony from bank and insurance representatives as it continues presenting financial evidence.

WHAT TO WATCH

Watch which records are identified, the period each covers, what the witnesses can personally explain, and what the defense disputes.

BOTTOM LINE

Large figures draw attention, but the documents and their connection to the charges will determine what those figures mean.

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