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FIVE THINGS TO KNOW

5-minute read

ABOUT BATO DELA ROSA’S ₱50-MILLION BOUNTY

The DILG announced a ₱50-million bounty for Senator Bato dela Rosa’s capture on October 23. The announcement came after months of talk about a possible reward—and days after Interior Secretary Jonvic Remulla said authorities knew dela Rosa was in Mindanao and were negotiating for his turnover.

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Afternoon6-minute read

ABOUT THE OVP’S 2027 BUDGET AFTER A 16-MINUTE SENATE HEARING

The Office of the Vice President’s proposed budget moved through a Senate panel today in 16 minutes. Vice President Sara Duterte was absent; her chief of staff answered for the office. Yesterday’s MCT explainer looked at parliamentary courtesy. Today’s question is what that short hearing actually did to the spending plan, and what it left for the Senate to examine.

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Afternoon6-minute read

ABOUT THE EDSA BUSWAY’S 2027 BUDGET GAP

The Department of Transportation is again asking Congress to fund the EDSA Busway. Its original ₱1.756 billion request received zero in the administration’s proposed 2027 National Expenditure Program. A House budget panel later inserted ₱75 million. Those two statements describe different stages of the same budget process. Neither tells us yet what Congress will finally approve.

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Afternoon7-minute read

ABOUT DECLARING AN AMBASSADOR PERSONA NON GRATA

Several lawmakers want Chinese Ambassador Jing Quan sent home. The Chinese Embassy has challenged them to follow through. That exchange leaves an ordinary reader with a reasonable question: if our own officials say an ambassador should leave, why is he still here?

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7:23 AM5-minute read

ABOUT LINO CAYETANO AND THE CHANGE AT THE PCO

President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. announced on October 11 that Lino Cayetano would replace Dave Gomez at the Presidential Communications Office. He said Gomez had been bypassed by the Commission on Appointments and that the change would be formalized when they returned from Singapore.

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6:10 PM4-minute read

ABOUT THE DISPUTE OVER CHANGING THE ORDER OF IMPEACHMENT WITNESSES

The argument at Thursday’s impeachment hearing was about which witness the prosecution could present next. It began with an absent lawyer and became a dispute over preparation and notice. Understanding the exchange helps explain why a courtroom can pause even when the parties, documents and another potential witness are already in the building.

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3:01 PM3-minute read

ABOUT MARK VILLAR’S MOVE TO THE SENATE MAJORITY

Senator Mark Villar has formally left the Senate minority and joined the majority. The October 8 move strengthens the bloc supporting the chamber’s leadership and gives Villar two significant positions. Its implications for Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial, however, require more than counting political allies.

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9:56 AM4-minute read

ABOUT THE MANAGER’S CHECKS AND THE QUESTIONS OVER SARA DUTERTE’S SALN

A bank balance can fall even when the value represented by the money has not disappeared. That distinction sits behind the prosecution’s questions about manager’s checks in Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial. To understand the October 7 testimony, we need to follow the instrument, the person entitled to its value and the declaration of assets for the relevant year.

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9:08 PM3-minute read

ABOUT WHAT COA’S REJECTION OF THE OVP APPEAL MEANS

COA has rejected the request to reconsider the ₱73.287-million disallowance involving the Office of the Vice President’s December 2022 confidential expenses. The October 5 resolution became public on October 7. Its significance is easier to understand when the amount, the audit finding and the available legal remedies are kept separate.

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7:47 AM3-minute read

ABOUT WHAT BANK SECRECY PROTECTS IN AN IMPEACHMENT TRIAL

The arguments over bank records in Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial involve several protections. The privacy of a peso deposit, the protection of a foreign-currency deposit, and the confidentiality of a report sent to the AMLC come from different rules. Understanding those differences helps explain what the court has allowed and what remains in dispute.

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8:43 AM8-minute read

ABOUT THE AMLC RECORDS IN SARA DUTERTE’S IMPEACHMENT TRIAL

₱4.4 billion is a figure that can dominate a conversation before anyone asks what it counts. AMLC Executive Director Ronel Buenaventura presented that approximate total in the Senate impeachment court on October 5, covering reported transactions involving Vice President Sara Duterte and her husband, Manases Carpio. He also explained that a bank correction had reduced the earlier figure of ₱6.7 billion.

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6:44 PM5-minute read

ABOUT THE COINS.PH CASH-IN RESTRICTION AND WHAT USERS SHOULD CHECK

If you use Coins.ph to receive money or pay bills, a failed cash-in can disrupt plans for the day. Coins.ph has announced that some incoming peso services are temporarily unavailable following a BSP directive to improve its internal controls. Its advisory also identifies services that existing customers can still use.

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12:00 PM5-minute read

ABOUT THE PROPOSED RULES ON SECONDHAND PHONES

A secondhand phone can put a useful device within reach of someone who cannot afford a new one. The problem comes when the buyer has no clear information about where it came from, what condition it is in, or who will fix it if it fails.

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8:35 PM6-minute read

ABOUT THE SUPREME COURT’S DECISION ON THE IMPEACHMENT VOTE THRESHOLD

The Supreme Court dismissed three petitions on September 30 challenging how the Senate impeachment court would count the votes needed to convict Vice President Sara Duterte. The dismissal leaves the Senate’s September 23 ruling in place, but it needs to be read carefully. A case can be dismissed because it does not meet the requirements for the Court to hear it, without settling whether the challenged action is constitutional.

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6:12 AM6-minute read

ABOUT WHAT BASTE DUTERTE SHOULD HAVE CHECKED AS MAYOR

Davao City Mayor Sebastian “Baste” Duterte told the Senate impeachment court on September 29 that he had been unfamiliar with GenCorp Industries Inc. before it came up in the proceedings. He also said he did not know about Vice President Sara Duterte’s declared business interest in the company.

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10:45 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE OCTOBER WATER-RATE INCREASES

Metro Manila households served by Maynilad and Manila Water will see slightly higher water charges beginning October 1. The announced increases are small for many residential customers, but the figures vary by concessionaire and consumption level. That makes it easy to misunderstand a notice expressed only in centavos per cubic meter.

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7:21 AM6-minute read

ABOUT THE NOTE HANDED TO GIBO TEODORO IN SEOUL

Defense Secretary Gilberto “Gibo” Teodoro Jr. was answering questions at the Seoul Defense Dialogue on September 8 when a man handed him a note. He read it aloud, challenged its rejection of the 2016 South China Sea ruling and objected to being interrupted that way.

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9:55 AM8-minute read

ABOUT EL NIÑO AND PREPARING FOR LESS RAIN

It can be raining outside while PAGASA warns about El Niño. That can sound confusing when the immediate problem is a wet road or a flooded field. The two warnings describe different periods: the weather happening now and the rainfall conditions that may develop over the coming months.

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5:30 AM8-minute read

ABOUT THE NEW ARREST WARRANTS AGAINST ZALDY CO, MARTIN ROMUALDEZ AND TWO OTHERS

The Sandiganbayan has ordered the arrest of Zaldy Co, Martin Romualdez and two other accused in the plunder case filed on September 7. By Monday evening, authorities had served Romualdez's warrant and carried out booking procedures at Cardinal Santos Medical Center in San Juan. His arrest is a confirmed development; it does not establish that his three co-accused are also in custody.

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3:15 PM8-minute read

ABOUT THE PLUNDER CASE AGAINST MARTIN ROMUALDEZ

The Office of the Ombudsman filed a plunder case against former House Speaker Martin Romualdez at the Sandiganbayan on September 7 over his alleged involvement in flood-control kickbacks. The accusations have now reached the court that will handle the criminal case. Romualdez denies wrongdoing and remains presumed innocent.

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1:18 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE NEW SWS POVERTY NUMBERS

Self-rated poverty and food poverty declined in June, but the figures also show how many Filipino families remain under pressure and why lower household budgets do not necessarily mean life became cheaper.

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2:02 PM11-minute read

ABOUT THE CHILDREN'S SOCIAL MEDIA SAFETY ACT

House Bill No. 9965 would bar children below 13 from having social media accounts, require parental consent for users aged 13 to 17, regulate platform algorithms, and impose fines reaching P50 million. It is still being deliberated in the House.

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12:02 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE SEALED BIR BOX

Marcos authorized the BIR to comply with the Senate subpoena. That did not open the records to the public or prove the unexplained-wealth allegation.

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MCT DAILY BRIEF

A four-photo grid of retired Supreme Court justices Artemio Panganiban, Reynato Puno, Adolfo Azcuna, and Hilario Davide Jr.

Good evening. The Senate impeachment court has named four former Supreme Court justices who will advise it on the disputed voting threshold in Vice President Sara Duterte’s trial. Martin Romualdez is now formally under BJMP custody, although he remains in a private hospital. The Philippine Coast Guard says Chinese forces fired flares toward one of its unarmed aircraft over the Kalayaan Island Group. New central-bank figures show foreign direct investment falling during the first half of the year, while a drainage change along EDSA Estrella offers a small but testable response to recurring floods.

1

1. SENATE COURT NAMES FOUR FORMER JUSTICES AS ADVISERS ON IMPEACHMENT VOTE

The Senate impeachment court has secured four former Supreme Court justices to help it examine whether Vice President Sara Duterte’s conviction would still require 16 votes if several senators cannot participate. Retired Chief Justices Artemio Panganiban and Reynato Puno and retired Associate Justice Adolfo Azcuna are expected to appear before the court on September 16. Retired Chief Justice Hilario Davide Jr. will instead submit a written legal opinion.

They will serve as *amici curiae*, or friends of the court. They are independent legal advisers, not witnesses for the prosecution or the defense. Senator-judges may ask them questions, but the two sides will not cross-examine them because they are offering legal guidance rather than evidence about what Duterte allegedly did. The court says it may invite more experts if necessary.

Their opinions will not automatically settle the question. Duterte’s prosecutors and defense lawyers are scheduled to present their own arguments on September 23, with 15 minutes allotted to each side. Senator-judges are then expected to vote on the threshold dispute. That vote concerns how many votes would be needed for conviction. It does not decide whether Duterte is guilty of any impeachment charge.

WHAT TO WATCH

The positions taken by the four former justices on September 16, any additional advisers, the arguments from both sides on September 23, and the senator-judges’ recorded votes on the threshold.

2

2. ROMUALDEZ IS TURNED OVER TO BJMP CUSTODY BUT REMAINS IN THE HOSPITAL

Former House Speaker Martin Romualdez was formally turned over by the PNP Criminal Investigation and Detection Group to the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology at about 4:15 p.m. Thursday. The transfer of responsibility followed the Sandiganbayan Third Division’s commitment order placing him under BJMP custody while his plunder case proceeds.

Romualdez has not been moved to the Quezon City Jail Male Dormitory. He remains at Cardinal Santos Medical Center while the court considers his continued hospital confinement. BJMP says it will send its own doctor to coordinate with his physicians and is open to an independent medical examination. If he is medically cleared and the court orders a transfer, he will be brought to the city jail in Payatas.

The custody change means BJMP is now responsible for guarding him and carrying out the court’s orders. It does not mean the plunder charge has been proved. Romualdez is accused of involvement in alleged kickbacks from flood-control projects, has denied wrongdoing, and retains the right to challenge the prosecution’s evidence. BJMP says he will receive the same treatment as other detainees, with no special privileges.

WHAT TO WATCH

The court’s ruling on hospital confinement, any independent medical findings, BJMP medical bulletins, and official confirmation of whether and when Romualdez is transferred to Quezon City Jail.

3

3. PCG SAYS CHINESE FORCES FIRED FLARES TOWARD AN UNARMED PHILIPPINE AIRCRAFT

The Philippine Coast Guard says Chinese forces fired multiple flares toward an unarmed PCG aircraft during a routine patrol over the Kalayaan Island Group on September 7. Before the aircraft landed on Pag-asa Island, Chinese forces at Zamora, or Subi, Reef challenged it over the radio and fired flares in its direction. PCG says forces at Panganiban, or Mischief, Reef later did the same.

Flares are commonly used as warnings or signals, but firing them near an aircraft can put a crew at risk. PCG says the actions endangered flight safety and failed to show the care required under international aviation rules. The aircrew answered the radio challenges by saying that its patrol was lawful. It also reported seeing a considerable number of Chinese maritime-militia vessels sheltered inside the lagoons of both reefs.

The account comes from PCG and was released three days after the flight. GMA News said it sought a response from the Chinese Embassy but had not received one when its report was published. That means the incident should be reported as the Philippine government’s documented account, not as a claim China has accepted. PCG says it will continue maritime patrol flights in the area.

WHAT TO WATCH

A formal response from China, any Philippine diplomatic protest, fuller flight footage or distance information, and whether later patrols encounter the same kind of interference.

4

4. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FALLS 17.8% IN THE FIRST HALF OF 2026

Foreign direct investment entering the Philippines reached a net $3.382 billion from January through June, down 17.8 percent from $4.116 billion during the same period in 2025, according to the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. June recorded $447 million in net inflows. That was higher than the $331 million recorded in June last year but lower than May’s $638 million.

Foreign direct investment covers longer-term business commitments, including new equity, profits reinvested in Philippine operations, and loans between related companies. BSP said the half-year decline was driven by lower intercompany borrowing and lower reinvested earnings. Net equity investment for the first six months increased, with much of the money coming from Japan, the United States and Singapore and going into manufacturing, finance and insurance, and real estate.

A sustained decline can mean less capital for business expansion, factories and future jobs. But this release does not show every form of foreign investment, and the stronger June figure compared with last year means the direction is not uniformly downward. The useful question is whether the improvement continues and whether the money reaches industries that create jobs and productive capacity.

WHAT TO WATCH

The July figures, movement in reinvested earnings and company loans, and whether manufacturing receives a larger and sustained share of actual investment.

5

5. DPWH WIDENS EDSA ESTRELLA DRAINAGE INLETS AFTER FLOOD DAMAGE

The Department of Public Works and Highways has widened three drainage inlets along EDSA Estrella in Makati after prolonged flooding damaged parts of the newly rehabilitated road in May. Public Works Secretary Vince Dizon said engineers found that floodwater was taking too long to drain from the area.

Each inlet was widened from 0.5 meter to 1.5 meters. Dizon said the area had experienced several heavy rains since the change without the same prolonged flooding seen in May. He described the work as simple, inexpensive and quick to carry out. DPWH now plans to use a similar approach in other flood-prone parts of EDSA and along national roads in Metro Manila.

The early result is encouraging, but it is not proof that flooding there has been permanently solved. Drainage capacity can still be affected by clogged waterways, stronger storms and structures blocking the flow of water. During the inspection, Dizon pointed to a house that appeared to extend into a creek and said DPWH would work with the Makati government to identify the owner and address the obstruction.

WHAT TO WATCH

How the wider inlets perform during the next sustained downpour, which other locations receive the same work, and what authorities do about the possible creek obstruction.

BOTTOM LINE

Tonight’s updates show why the step after an announcement matters. The impeachment court has named its advisers, but the senator-judges must still decide the voting rule. BJMP now has custody of Romualdez, but the court must still settle where he will be confined. The Coast Guard’s report requires a response and accountability, investment figures need more than one better month, and a drainage repair must survive the next serious rain. Each story now has a result the public can check.

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