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LATEST COMMENTARY

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FIVE THINGS TO KNOW

7:23 AM5-minute read

ABOUT LINO CAYETANO AND THE CHANGE AT THE PCO

President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. announced on October 11 that Lino Cayetano would replace Dave Gomez at the Presidential Communications Office. He said Gomez had been bypassed by the Commission on Appointments and that the change would be formalized when they returned from Singapore.

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6:10 PM4-minute read

ABOUT THE DISPUTE OVER CHANGING THE ORDER OF IMPEACHMENT WITNESSES

The argument at Thursday’s impeachment hearing was about which witness the prosecution could present next. It began with an absent lawyer and became a dispute over preparation and notice. Understanding the exchange helps explain why a courtroom can pause even when the parties, documents and another potential witness are already in the building.

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3:01 PM3-minute read

ABOUT MARK VILLAR’S MOVE TO THE SENATE MAJORITY

Senator Mark Villar has formally left the Senate minority and joined the majority. The October 8 move strengthens the bloc supporting the chamber’s leadership and gives Villar two significant positions. Its implications for Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial, however, require more than counting political allies.

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9:56 AM4-minute read

ABOUT THE MANAGER’S CHECKS AND THE QUESTIONS OVER SARA DUTERTE’S SALN

A bank balance can fall even when the value represented by the money has not disappeared. That distinction sits behind the prosecution’s questions about manager’s checks in Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial. To understand the October 7 testimony, we need to follow the instrument, the person entitled to its value and the declaration of assets for the relevant year.

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9:08 PM3-minute read

ABOUT WHAT COA’S REJECTION OF THE OVP APPEAL MEANS

COA has rejected the request to reconsider the ₱73.287-million disallowance involving the Office of the Vice President’s December 2022 confidential expenses. The October 5 resolution became public on October 7. Its significance is easier to understand when the amount, the audit finding and the available legal remedies are kept separate.

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7:47 AM3-minute read

ABOUT WHAT BANK SECRECY PROTECTS IN AN IMPEACHMENT TRIAL

The arguments over bank records in Sara Duterte’s impeachment trial involve several protections. The privacy of a peso deposit, the protection of a foreign-currency deposit, and the confidentiality of a report sent to the AMLC come from different rules. Understanding those differences helps explain what the court has allowed and what remains in dispute.

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8:43 AM8-minute read

ABOUT THE AMLC RECORDS IN SARA DUTERTE’S IMPEACHMENT TRIAL

₱4.4 billion is a figure that can dominate a conversation before anyone asks what it counts. AMLC Executive Director Ronel Buenaventura presented that approximate total in the Senate impeachment court on October 5, covering reported transactions involving Vice President Sara Duterte and her husband, Manases Carpio. He also explained that a bank correction had reduced the earlier figure of ₱6.7 billion.

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6:44 PM5-minute read

ABOUT THE COINS.PH CASH-IN RESTRICTION AND WHAT USERS SHOULD CHECK

If you use Coins.ph to receive money or pay bills, a failed cash-in can disrupt plans for the day. Coins.ph has announced that some incoming peso services are temporarily unavailable following a BSP directive to improve its internal controls. Its advisory also identifies services that existing customers can still use.

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12:00 PM5-minute read

ABOUT THE PROPOSED RULES ON SECONDHAND PHONES

A secondhand phone can put a useful device within reach of someone who cannot afford a new one. The problem comes when the buyer has no clear information about where it came from, what condition it is in, or who will fix it if it fails.

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8:35 PM6-minute read

ABOUT THE SUPREME COURT’S DECISION ON THE IMPEACHMENT VOTE THRESHOLD

The Supreme Court dismissed three petitions on September 30 challenging how the Senate impeachment court would count the votes needed to convict Vice President Sara Duterte. The dismissal leaves the Senate’s September 23 ruling in place, but it needs to be read carefully. A case can be dismissed because it does not meet the requirements for the Court to hear it, without settling whether the challenged action is constitutional.

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6:12 AM6-minute read

ABOUT WHAT BASTE DUTERTE SHOULD HAVE CHECKED AS MAYOR

Davao City Mayor Sebastian “Baste” Duterte told the Senate impeachment court on September 29 that he had been unfamiliar with GenCorp Industries Inc. before it came up in the proceedings. He also said he did not know about Vice President Sara Duterte’s declared business interest in the company.

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10:45 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE OCTOBER WATER-RATE INCREASES

Metro Manila households served by Maynilad and Manila Water will see slightly higher water charges beginning October 1. The announced increases are small for many residential customers, but the figures vary by concessionaire and consumption level. That makes it easy to misunderstand a notice expressed only in centavos per cubic meter.

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7:21 AM6-minute read

ABOUT THE NOTE HANDED TO GIBO TEODORO IN SEOUL

Defense Secretary Gilberto “Gibo” Teodoro Jr. was answering questions at the Seoul Defense Dialogue on September 8 when a man handed him a note. He read it aloud, challenged its rejection of the 2016 South China Sea ruling and objected to being interrupted that way.

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9:55 AM8-minute read

ABOUT EL NIÑO AND PREPARING FOR LESS RAIN

It can be raining outside while PAGASA warns about El Niño. That can sound confusing when the immediate problem is a wet road or a flooded field. The two warnings describe different periods: the weather happening now and the rainfall conditions that may develop over the coming months.

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5:30 AM8-minute read

ABOUT THE NEW ARREST WARRANTS AGAINST ZALDY CO, MARTIN ROMUALDEZ AND TWO OTHERS

The Sandiganbayan has ordered the arrest of Zaldy Co, Martin Romualdez and two other accused in the plunder case filed on September 7. By Monday evening, authorities had served Romualdez's warrant and carried out booking procedures at Cardinal Santos Medical Center in San Juan. His arrest is a confirmed development; it does not establish that his three co-accused are also in custody.

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3:15 PM8-minute read

ABOUT THE PLUNDER CASE AGAINST MARTIN ROMUALDEZ

The Office of the Ombudsman filed a plunder case against former House Speaker Martin Romualdez at the Sandiganbayan on September 7 over his alleged involvement in flood-control kickbacks. The accusations have now reached the court that will handle the criminal case. Romualdez denies wrongdoing and remains presumed innocent.

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1:18 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE NEW SWS POVERTY NUMBERS

Self-rated poverty and food poverty declined in June, but the figures also show how many Filipino families remain under pressure and why lower household budgets do not necessarily mean life became cheaper.

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2:02 PM11-minute read

ABOUT THE CHILDREN'S SOCIAL MEDIA SAFETY ACT

House Bill No. 9965 would bar children below 13 from having social media accounts, require parental consent for users aged 13 to 17, regulate platform algorithms, and impose fines reaching P50 million. It is still being deliberated in the House.

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12:02 PM7-minute read

ABOUT THE SEALED BIR BOX

Marcos authorized the BIR to comply with the Senate subpoena. That did not open the records to the public or prove the unexplained-wealth allegation.

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MCT DAILY BRIEF

A motorist holds a fuel nozzle at a Philippine gas station.

Filipinos begin Tuesday with another sharp fuel-price increase, a peso that has fallen to a new reported closing low, and the results of the first Bangsamoro parliamentary election still being completed. There is also a small but real change coming to electric bills: the allowable system-loss charge remains, but the VAT attached to it is being removed. In the Senate, a wider school-nutrition program has moved forward, although it is not yet law. Here is what each development changes and what still needs to happen.

1

FUEL PRICES RISE BY MORE THAN ₱4 A LITER

Fuel companies raised pump prices on Tuesday after the Department of Energy placed this week’s maximum increases at ₱5.68 per liter for gasoline, ₱4.31 for diesel and ₱4.62 for kerosene. The actual adjustment can vary by company. Jetti, for example, announced ₱5.60 for gasoline and ₱4.30 for diesel, while Seaoil matched the DOE figures.

The DOE numbers are the maximum increases it reported for the week, not proof that every station added exactly the same amount at the same time. At the DOE figure, a 10-liter gasoline purchase costs ₱56.80 more than before the increase. Twenty liters of diesel costs ₱86.20 more. Together with last week’s increase, gasoline has risen by ₱10.37 per liter, diesel by ₱9.49 and kerosene by ₱10.20 in only two weeks.

This does not automatically authorize a jeepney or bus fare increase. Transport groups may ask for relief or file a petition, but fares change only through the proper regulatory process. The immediate effect is on motorists, drivers and businesses buying fuel today. The wider effect on fares and food prices depends on how long high oil prices and a weak peso last.

WHAT TO WATCH

Company-specific pump notices, any formal LTFRB fare petition or order, and whether next week brings another increase rather than a partial rollback.

2

THE FIRST BARMM PARLIAMENTARY VOTE MOVES TO COUNTING AND CANVASSING

Bangsamoro voters went to the polls on Monday to elect the region’s first regular parliament. The vote is a major step from an appointed transition authority to an elected regional government, but election day also exposed serious security and ballot problems that cannot be dismissed as minor details.

Comelec placed Cotabato City and Maluso, Basilan under its control. In Maluso, pre-shaded ballots were found in 36 precincts, forcing the printing of replacements and delaying voting. Reports attributed to Comelec put the election-related toll at four dead and either 18 or 19 injured; the higher figure included a separate explosion or suspected-IED injury. An earlier police count was lower, so the figures should not be blended as if they were one final official count.

The election cannot yet be judged by the percentage of results electronically transmitted. Transmission is not voter turnout, a completed canvass or an official proclamation. Those are different stages. The next checks are whether delayed voting was completed, whether the replacement ballots were properly accounted for, and whether the canvass records withstand scrutiny.

WHAT TO WATCH

Comelec’s final incident report, the completed Maluso vote, official turnout, canvass certificates and signed proclamations, not circulating screenshots of unofficial tallies.

3

VAT IS BEING REMOVED FROM THE ALLOWABLE SYSTEM-LOSS CHARGE

The Bureau of Internal Revenue has confirmed that the allowable system-loss charge, within the cap set by the Energy Regulatory Commission, will no longer be included in the gross sales used to compute VAT. This should remove the 12 percent VAT previously added to that part of an electric bill.

The system-loss charge itself is not disappearing. Consumers will still pay the allowable cost of electricity lost while power moves through the system. The change removes the tax on that approved, separately identified amount. It does not erase the larger generation, transmission and distribution charges that make up most of a bill.

The circular covers transactions from its effectivity onward and requires the allowable system-loss amount to be shown separately on a bill, invoice or similar document. It does not create a general refund for VAT paid in previous months. It also does not set one guaranteed month when every household will see the change, because the timing depends on the regulatory timetable and each utility’s billing system.

WHAT TO WATCH

The first bills showing system loss as a separate line without VAT, the ERC’s implementation instructions and whether utilities explain the change clearly instead of promising a larger reduction than the rule can deliver.

4

THE PESO CLOSES AT A NEW REPORTED LOW OF ₱62.86 TO THE DOLLAR

The peso closed Monday at ₱62.86 to the dollar in the Bankers Association of the Philippines interbank spot market, according to market reports. That was 18 centavos weaker than Friday’s ₱62.68 close and was reported as a new record low for the same closing measure. The currency also touched about ₱62.875 during trading.

Those numbers should not be mixed with the Bangko Sentral’s reference rate, which is a different measure, or with the day’s lowest intraday trade. “Record low” must refer to the peso’s value under the same market and closing method.

A weaker peso makes every dollar-priced import more expensive in local currency. Oil is the clearest example, but the effect can also reach imported food, equipment and raw materials. That does not mean Monday’s exchange-rate move caused Tuesday’s fuel increase. Pump prices reflect earlier movements in international oil prices and foreign exchange, along with company pricing and inventory timing.

WHAT TO WATCH

Whether the peso recovers or sets another closing low, how the Bangko Sentral describes the pressure, and whether sustained weakness begins appearing in inflation forecasts rather than only in market commentary.

5

THE SENATE APPROVES A WIDER SCHOOL-NUTRITION PROGRAM

The Senate approved Senate Bill 2272 on third and final reading by a vote of 19-0-0. The measure seeks to expand the country’s school-nutrition system, including universal feeding for public-school pupils from kindergarten to Grade 3 and a broader approach that follows nutrition needs across different stages of childhood.

This is not yet a new feeding entitlement that schools can deliver immediately. Republic Act 11037 remains the current law. It primarily targets undernourished children and requires at least 120 feeding days. The Senate bill and the House-approved measure are separate versions that still need to be reconciled before a final bill can reach the President.

Reported Senate provisions include stronger local food procurement and faster payment for suppliers, but the final obligations must be checked against the exact reconciled text. Even after enactment, wider coverage will require money, kitchens or preparation capacity, reliable local suppliers, health records and clear responsibility among agencies. A unanimous Senate vote establishes political support, not instant implementation.

WHAT TO WATCH

The final version agreed on by both chambers, the list of covered children, the money set aside, the implementing rules, safeguards for local suppliers and the date when actual meals, not promises, begin reaching additional pupils.

BOTTOM LINE

Today’s most immediate hit is at the fuel pump, while the weaker peso keeps the risk of higher import costs alive. The VAT change on system loss offers limited relief, but it should not be sold as the removal of system loss itself. In BARMM, the historic vote now faces the harder test of a credible canvass after violence and compromised ballots. The school-nutrition bill is promising, but its value will be measured only after the chambers agree on a final law and government shows that it can fund and deliver the meals.

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